| The ivory doll from the Early-Christian Necropolis (detail). MNAT(P) 12906. |
The late-Roman necropolises of Mediterranean
towns are characterized by their almost complete lack of artifacts
or funerary deposits, in contrast to those of the north of Castilla
where they are numerous (arms, iron tools, bronze adornments,
fine and common ceramics, glass, etc.).
As well as the ethnic differences between
the people of the two areas, we have to take into account the
laws of the time. Justinian's Corpus iuris civilis (528-533
AD) compiles in the Digesto and the Institutiones
a series of legal commentaries of the Imperial period referring
to restrictions on the presence of offerings in graves. These
measures were designed to prevent the frequent sacking of tombs
in search of valuable objects. They prohibited the burial with
the body of silver objects, precious stones, adornments in general
and even lavish clothing. These measures were not always strictly
enforced, but they meant that funerary offerings played a less
important role in the funerary rites of urban low-Imperial society.
In Tarragona's Early-Christian Necropolis,
out of the more than two-thousand graves, only twelve have been
found to contain any artifacts. The most important find was in
number 152, a reused sarcophagus containing the skeleton of a
girl of about five years old. She had a gold thread around her
neck and along the length of her body, probably an adornment of
the dress she was wearing. She was also buried with an articulated
doll made of ivory, which is probably the most symbolic artifact
of the Necropolis.

|