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The funerary offerings
The ivory doll from the Early-Christian Necropolis (detail). MNAT(P) 12906.



The late-Roman necropolises of Mediterranean towns are characterized by their almost complete lack of artifacts or funerary deposits, in contrast to those of the north of Castilla where they are numerous (arms, iron tools, bronze adornments, fine and common ceramics, glass, etc.).

As well as the ethnic differences between the people of the two areas, we have to take into account the laws of the time. Justinian's Corpus iuris civilis (528-533 AD) compiles in the Digesto and the Institutiones a series of legal commentaries of the Imperial period referring to restrictions on the presence of offerings in graves. These measures were designed to prevent the frequent sacking of tombs in search of valuable objects. They prohibited the burial with the body of silver objects, precious stones, adornments in general and even lavish clothing. These measures were not always strictly enforced, but they meant that funerary offerings played a less important role in the funerary rites of urban low-Imperial society.

In Tarragona's Early-Christian Necropolis, out of the more than two-thousand graves, only twelve have been found to contain any artifacts. The most important find was in number 152, a reused sarcophagus containing the skeleton of a girl of about five years old. She had a gold thread around her neck and along the length of her body, probably an adornment of the dress she was wearing. She was also buried with an articulated doll made of ivory, which is probably the most symbolic artifact of the Necropolis.