| Head depicting the goddess Minerva, found at the site of the collegium fabrum. MNAT 12259. |
The sculptures on display in this room
come from a building on the Rambla Nova known as the "Forn
del Cigne". In Roman times the seat of the collegium fabrum
was here and on excavation the site yielded many sculptures, inscriptions
and decorative items for buildings.
The fabri were the construction
workers of the Roman world and, like other artisans, they belonged
to a collegium.
The collegium was a voluntary
association formed to look after and defend the rights and professional
interests of its members. It also organised the worship of one
or various divinities and arranged funerary rites and a dignified
burial for its members.
The associates of the collegium fabrum
normally also had the job of firefighters in the towns. The majority
of associations had a headquarters, or schola, where meetings
were held, religious festivities were celebrated and official
and private ceremonies were held.
We know little about the type of building
that normally housed the scholae. From inscriptions we
know that some were in the form of a temple. Others had an atrium,
peristyle and garden. Essential elements in a schola were
benches for the members to sit on, tricilinia to hold banquets
in and an altar to pay homage to the gods.
In the rooms there were statues of the
god-protector of the corporation, the genius of the collegium
and other divinities, as well as representations of the emperor
and the master of the corporation.
The fragments of column found in the
"Forn del Cigne" lead us to believe that the schola
of the collegium fabrum of Tàrraco had a peristyle,
although the localization of a fountain in one of its walls appears
to indicate that it only had arches on three sides.
This small nymphaeum was decorated with
sculptures expressing the recreational character of the collegium.
The head of Minerva, the divine protector of artisans, and the
small sculpture of the genius collegii tell us of its corporate
nature and its obligations as the city's fire service. The head
of Claudius and the armoured bust, probably representing Hadrian,
are evidence of the allegiance that all associations were obliged
to show to the Emperor. From the dates of these statues and inscriptions,
we can assume that the schola was already in existence
by at least the beginning of the 2nd century AD.

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